Is religion good for us?
KEVIN BALDEOSINGH
Trinidad & Tobago Newsday
Friday, June 1 2007If VS Naipaul had attended St Mary’s College instead of QRC, he might not have won a Nobel Prize. At least, not if he had become a Catholic.
“Consistently, studies have reported that social scientists are among the least religious, most often with overrepresentation of ‘nones’ or Jews (who are highly secularised), together with some liberal Protestants but a paucity of Catholics,” writes psychologist Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi in an essay in The Cambridge Companion to Atheism (available at The Reader’s Bookshop). Something in the Catholic creed, it seems, ensures that faith trumps reason.
Among the winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature, the largest single group (33 percent) identified themselves as having no religious affiliation. Of a sample of 696 Nobel laureates, Beit-Hallahmi found that 51 percent could not even be classified by religious affiliation, while most of the remaining 49 percent could not be slotted into any particular denomination. “Eminence in natural and social sciences (and even in literature) is clearly tied to a personal distance from religion,” Beit-Hallahmi concludes.
An obvious question arises, however: if religiosity is correlated with lower intellectual capability, how is it that the denominational schools in Trinidad and Tobago produce the top-performing students? The short answer is, they don’t. It is class, not religion, which accounts for the success of the “prestige” schools. A survey by Professor Ramesh Deosaran found that, in these schools, 51 percent of the students were middle-class, 31 percent were upper-class, and a mere 18 percent lower-class.
Nonetheless, many people believe that religion is a crucial part of ensuring that young people are both academically successful and well-behaved. But a paper by Deosaran and Derek Chadee in Crime, Delinquency and Justice — A Caribbean Reader (available at the UWI bookshop) shows that a religious background does not prevent high-risk youths from getting into trouble.
Their survey of juvenile homes, revealed that 35 percent of the inmates were Catholic, 15 percent Baptist, 11 percent Pentecostal, ten percent Seventh Day Adventist, nine percent Anglican, six percent Hindu, four percent Muslim, and seven percent had no religion.
Even so, the Congress of the People (COP), which recently revealed their plan to make religion instruction mandatory in all schools, reflects a widespread belief in saying, “The teaching of comparative religion will...lead to greater harmony and understanding in our society.” But this would be so only if such teaching reduced religious belief. Beit-Hallahmi writes, “Since the 1940s, numerous studies in the United States have...shown that the more religious are less tolerant. Jews and the irreligious are the most tolerant.” That means that inculcating religion in children could very likely undermine the societal harmony we so like to boast about.
The COP also claims that “all religions teach morality, ethics, truthfulness and sound values.”
However, sociologist Phil Zuckerman in his survey of countries in the Cambridge Companion, writes, “The nations with the highest homicide rates are all highly religious nations with minimal or statistically insignificant levels of organic atheism, while nations with the lowest homicide rates tend to be highly secular nations with high levels of atheism.” This holds true for the Caribbean, where 91 percent of Trinbagonians, 97 percent of Jamaicans, and 99 percent of Haitians are religious.
Additionally, religion does not seem especially efficacious in changing people’s behaviour. UWI researcher Ian Ramdhanie, in his paper in A Caribbean Reader, looked at how likely convicted criminals were to commit further offences after serving their sentences. Analysed by religion, Islam was the least effective, with 65 percent of Muslims being recidivists. Next in ineffectuality were Seventh Day Adventists at 59 percent, followed closely by Jehovah Witnesses at 58 percent. All the other denominations had a failure rate of 50 percent or more.
Ramdhanie’s statistics also show that religious groups were over-represented in prison as compared to the general populace: 29 percent of the inmates were Catholics as compared to 26 percent outside; Baptists had the worst ratio, at 14 percent to 0.2 percent; Muslims were represented twice as much in prison as in the wider populace: 12 percent against six percent; Seventh Day Adventists were seven percent against five percent; and Jehovah Witnesses one percent against 0.6 percent. Anglicans and Pentecostals were equitably represented at nine and six percent respectively, but only Hindus (13 percent against 22 percent) and Presbyterians (one percent against three percent) were under-represented in the nation’s jails.
So the COP’s plan to force children to have religious instruction is not a genuine policy plan, but a political ploy designed to woo Catholic votes away from the PNM and Hindu votes away from the UNC. In so doing, the COP shows that its “new politics” is no different from the old politics of those two parties. Which, in a sense, is okay — a political party has to attract as many interest groups as it can. But when politicians try to exploit the nation’s children to that end, a line must be drawn. So the COP will not be getting my vote: but neither will the seer woman nor the singer of the Hanuman chalisa.
Email:kbaldeosingh@hotmail.com